ENGLISH ARTICLES

"A, An, The" definite and indefinite articles in English

Read the following description

Here are the basic rules for when to use "A, An or The":

• a = indefinite article (not a specific object, one of a number of the same objects) with consonants
  Eric has a dog.
  Gregory works in a factory.
• an = indefinite article (not a specific object, one of a number of the same objects) with vowels (a,e,i,o,u)
  Can I have an apple?
  Donata is an English teacher.
• the = definite article (a specific object that both the person speaking and the listener know)
  The car over there is fast.
  The teacher is very good, isn't he?
• The first time you speak of something use "a or an", the next time you repeat that object use "the".
  I live in a house. The house is quite old and has two bedrooms.
  I ate in a Vietnamese restaurant. The restaurant was not very clean.
• DO NOT use an article with countries, states, counties or provinces, lakes and mountains except when the country is a collection of states such as "The United States".
  My uncle lives in Cumbria near Lake Windermere.
  They live in Bristol.
• Use an article with bodies of water, oceans and seas -
  I live on a small island in the Baltic Sea.
• DO NOT use an article when you are speaking about things in general
  I like Indian tea.
  Simon likes reading books about linguistics.
• DO NOT use an article when you are speaking about meals, places, and transport
  He has breakfast at home.
  I go to university.
  Magda comes to work by taxi.

Source:world english

Friendship

Always be near

LOST LOVE

LOST LOVE

Funny poem

Found this poem, thought it was so funny. 

Of loving beauty you float with grace
If only you could hide your face

Kind, intelligent, loving, hot
I just described what you are not !

I want to feel your sweet embrace
But don't take that paper bag off your face

I love your smile, face and eyes
Damn, I'm good at telling lies !

I see your face when i am dreaming
That's why I always wake up screaming !

My love, you take my breath away
What did you step in to smell that way ?

My feelings for you have no words to tell
Except for maybe ''GO TO HELL!!!''

What inspired this amorous rhyme ?
Two parts vodka, one part lime !

"Hope increases courage."

Note that the particular verb you choose helps orient your listener  toward your opinion of the statement. "Praveen says" is neutral; "Praveen informs us" is positive, "Praveen alleges" is somewhat negative. Other verbs to choose from include:

• says
• writes
• observes
• remarks
• adds
• declares
• informs us
• alleges
• claims
• states
• comments
• thinks
• affirms
• asserts
• explains
• argues

Sometimes you might want to use a colon introduction. For example:
Kumquat offers this explanation: "Deep thinkers talk little."

The word 'Day' in sentence

Word Day in the sentence gathered from various sources to reflect current and historical usage.

• Over the last few days he had weakened rapidly.
• I work two and a half days in a week.
• Days in advance of your arrival date.
• Days of receipt.
• I asked her how she had spent the day, she answered pretty well, tho ' she was very weak.
• The next day was a parade through the town.
• Day trips.
• Your wedding day will be one of the most important days in your life.
• Day of departure.
• The early days of the walk were a remote memory.
• In most cases patients can return to work the following day.
• However, all enquiries are dealt with same day where possible.
• Order before 1 pm for same day delivery or before 4 pm for next day delivery or before 4 pm for next day home delivery.
• Please note that any students arriving after 4.00 pm will have their assignments date- stamped for the next working day.
• Day of the week, whilst some close at weekends.
• Over the last few days he had weakened rapidly.
• Penguins are the most numerous birds breeding on the island at the present day.
• Outline a fun day of making for all the family.

Has not in the sentence

Has is used with He, She and It in the present, to give present perfect meaning. Let's read some examples.

She has not come yet.
She hasn't come yet.
He has not spoken.
He hasn't spoken.
Has she not made the decision.
Hasn't she made the decision.
She has not lived here.
She hasn't lived here.
He has not arrived.
She has not written.
He has not given.
It has not completed.
He has not finished.
She has not seen the movie.
She has money.
she has no money.
He has not been to India.
He thinks, he has not met you.
Has she not read the book yet?
She has not been ill.
She has not been in good mood since morning.
She has not been working.
Man has walked on the moon.
Man has not walked on the moon.
Our son has not learned how to read.
Scientist has not split the atom.
She has not talked to any specialists.
She has talked to specialists.
The rain has not stopped.
His car has not broken down.
Has she not been to England.
Has he not seen that movie.
He has not even noticed.
He has not worked hard.
She has not been searching.
Ti has not been eating.
She has not studied the maths properly.

------*****-----

Idiom

Yellow journalism

Meaning: Journalism in which sensational stories are used to boost sales, or biased reporting is used to change the reader's views on an issue. Both of these are unethical.

For example:

• Have you noticed how, during a war, normally trustworthy professionals start writing the worst sort of yellow journalism to justify their government's actions?
• Karthi : "Is there any difference between yellow journalism and propaganda?" Pruthvi: "I think yellow journalism can be even more dangerous than propaganda if it's being presented as objective reporting by well-known journalists."

Variety: This idiom is typically used in American English but may be used in other varieties of English too.

All hope abandon ye who enter here'

From Dante's Divine Comedy. The 1814 translation into English by the Reverend H. F. Cary is the origin for this phrase in English, although he gave it as the less commonly used 'All hope abandon ye who enter here'.

Through me you pass into the city of woe:
Through me you pass into eternal pain:
Through me among the people lost for aye.

Justice the founder of my fabric mov'd:
To rear me was the task of power divine,
Supremest wisdom, and primeval love.

Before me things create were none, save things
Eternal, and eternal I endure.
All hope abandon ye who enter here.

Such characters in colour dim I mark'd
Over a portal's lofty arch inscrib'd:
Whereat I thus: Master, these words import.

Dante Alighieri wrote this allegorical epic poem between 1306 and 1321. Virgil is the guide who takes the reader through the author's examination of the afterlife, which travels through the Inferno (Hell), the Purgatorio (Purgatory), and the Paradiso (Heaven).

It's raining cats and dogs

“Cats and dogs” come from the Greek expression cata doxa, which means “contrary to experience or belief.” If it is raining cats and dogs, it is raining unusually or unbelievably hard.

to say it’s raining “cats and dogs” might be to say it’s raining waterfalls.

Word for the day

Achromatic adj. 

Meaning : Free of colour, weak in colourful. not colourful, Colourless,

Relating to, employing, or denoting lenses that transmit light without separating it into constituent colours.

In sentence:
1.Dogs typically see the world achromatically.
2.Grey is a neutral achromatic colour.

Phrasal verbs with meaning and example

check someone/something out		look at carefully, investigate	The security guard checks out all new employees.
check out someone/something		look at (informal)	Check out the crazy picture on that guy's T-shirt!
cheer up		become happier	She cheered up when she heard the good news.

Phrasal verbs with meaning and example

not care for someone/something		not like (formal)	I don't care for his behaviour.
catch up		get to the same point as someone else	You'll have to run faster than that if you want to catch up with Bolt.
check in		arrive and register at a hotel or airport	We will get the Apartment keys when we check in.
check out		leave a hotel	You have to check out of the hotel before 11:00 AM.

Word for the day

Unbeknownst

Meaning occurring or existing without the knowledge of

Usage:
1. Our cousin had been ill for years,unbeknownst to the family
2. Unbeknownst to me, she made all the arrangement.

Word for the day

Inherently

Meaning: In an essential manner.

The adverb inherently means in a natural or innate manner. Some people enjoy your inherently cheerful nature, but it drives other people crazy because they find you annoyingly perky.

Examples:
1.Inherent flaws in the present system of council tax.

2.Inherent in concepts of special education.

3.I think the most important ideas in that song were already 

   inherent in it before we recorded it.

Phrasal verbs - usage

call something off		cancel	Pruthvi called the wedding off because he wasn't in love with his fiancé.
call on someone		ask for an answer or opinion	The professor called on me for question 1.
call on someone		visit someone	We called on you last night but you weren't home.
call someone up		phone	Give me your phone number and I will call you up when we are in town.
calm down		relax after being angry	You are still mad. You need to calm down before you drive the car.

Word for the day

Ethnocentric:
Meaning: Cantered on  a specific ethnic group, usually one's own.
             1. Belief in the superiority of one's own ethnic group.

       2. Overriding concern with race.

Phrasal verbs with meaning and example

call around		phone many different places/people	We called around but we weren't able to find the book we needed.
call someone back		return a phone call	I called the agency back but the offices were closed for the weekend.
call something off		cancel	Gagan called the wedding off because he wasn't in love with his fiancé.

Idiom for the day

Be on the tip of tongue:
Meaning:  if something we want to say is on the tip of our  tongue, we think we know it and that we will be able to remember it very soon.

1.Hang on, it's on the tip of my tongue.
2.Wait, its on the tip of my tongue. 

Word for the day

Dwell:
Meaning: Thing moodily or anxiously about something.
              : To live.
Usage : 1.Keep dwelling on what went wrong.
             2.To dwell in poverty ( to live in poverty)

Phrasal verbs with meaning and examples

back something up		reverse	You'll have to back up your car so that I can get out.
back someone up		support	My wife backed me up over my decision to quit my job.
blow up		explode	The racing car blew up after it crashed into the fence.
blow something up		add air	We have to blow 50 balloons up for the party.
break down		stop functioning (vehicle, machine)	Our car broke down at the side of the highway in the snowstorm.
break down		get upset	The woman broke down when the police told her that her son had died.
break somethingdown		divide into smaller parts	Our teacher broke the final project down into three separate parts.
break in		force entry to a building	Somebody broke in last night and stole our stereo.
break into something		enter forcibly	The firemen had to break into the room to rescue the children.
break something in		wear something a few times so that it doesn't look/feel new	I need to break these shoes in before we run next week.
break in		interrupt	The TV station broke in to report the news of the president's death.
break up		end a relationship	My boyfriend and I broke up before I moved to America.
break up		start laughing (informal)	The kids just broke up as soon as the clown started talking.
break out		escape	The prisoners broke out of jail when the guards weren't looking.
break out in something		develop a skin condition	I broke out in a rash after our camping trip.
bring someone down		make unhappy	This sad music is bringing me down.
bring someone up		raise a child	My grandparents brought me up after my parents died.
bring something up		start talking about a subject	My mother walks out of the room when my father brings up sports.
bring something up		vomit	He drank so much that he brought his dinner up in the toilet.

Phrasal Verbs with meaning and example

Verb		Meaning	Example
ask someone out		invite on a date	Gagan asked Mallika out to dinner and a movie.
ask around		ask many people the same question	I asked around but nobody has seen my spects.
add up to something		equal	Your purchases add up to $150.32.

Word for the day:
Concern:
Something that interests because it is impotent or affects you.
There is a growing concern with pollution.

I am concerned about my test score.

It is most commonly used as a verb in the passive


expression: "be concerned (about)."


As far as I'm concerned, that's none of your business.

Would is the past tense of will in indirect speech.

• He said, ‘I will come.’
• He said that he would come.

Should is the past tense of shall in indirect speech.

With second and third person pronouns, would is used to express a wish or preference.

• He would rather stay at home than work.
• She would rather have tea than coffee.

Should can be used with first person pronouns to express a wish or preference.

• I should like to go to the pictures tonight.

Would can be used with 2nd person pronouns to make a polite request.

• Would you mind opening the window?
• Would you mind moving a bit?

Should can be used with nouns and pronouns of all persons to express an obligation or an assumption.

• You should be more punctual.
• They should be more considerate.
• It should be possible to do it.
• They should reach home any time now.
• Should have + past participle can be used to talk about past events which did not happen.
  • I should have phoned John this morning, but I forgot.
  Would can be used to talk about past habits and typical characteristics.
  • Sometimes he would bring us little presents without saying why.
  Stressed would can be used to criticize people’s behaviour.
  • She was a good girl, but she WOULD talk about herself all the time.

Phrase for the day:
A bunch of fives: 
meaning: A fist. the fives are the five fingers.

Word for the day:
Intend:
Meaning: have in mind as a purpose
Usage: 
1. Mary intended to leave the job.
2. Mark intended to work for our company.

                                          











 

Chapter 1
Greeting

In the morning:
1. Good morning  grand pa
2. Good morning dad  
3. Good morning mom


After noon: (12 pm- 4 pm)
1. Good afternoon uncle
2. Good afternoon children
3. Good afternoon sheetal 

After 4 pm: 
1. Good evening mom
2. Good evening sir
3. Good evening madam

Late evening when you depart:
1. Good night, sweet dreams 

You can wish "good day, have a nice day", have a great day" any time during  the day

Informal: 
Hi.
Hello.
Bye.

Formal: See you.
Informal: Ciao.

Take care.
Have a great day.

Phrase for the day:

A Bird In The Hand Is Worth Two In The Bush: 
Having something that is certain is much better than taking a risk for more, because chances are you might lose everything.

Meaning:

It's better to have a lesser but certain advantage than the possibility of a greater one that may come to nothing.

Word for the day:

Ancient:

Meaning: very old

EXAMPLE SENTENCE:

Verona's ancient citizens
Cast by their grave beseeming ornaments,
To wield old partisans

             
                   Word for the day

Petulant:

Pronunciation: pe-chə-lənt

Meaning: easily irritated or annoyed

Synonyms:peevish,fretful,pettish,touchy.

Example:

1. the music is petulant as it rolls and roars.

2. He could be petulant.

Word for the day

Antagonism:

Pronunciation:\an-ˈta-gə-ˌni-zəm\: noun

Usage:

1. an actively expressed feeling of dislike and hostility
2. a state of deep-seated ill-will
3. the relation between opposing principles or forces or factors

Fiancé vs Fiancée

Word origin : The origin of the word fiancé is mid 19th 

century, from French, past participle of fiancer 'betroth,' from 

Old French fiance 'a promise,' based on Latin fidere 'to trust.'

Fiancé -(fi -an- c (e)

Fi·an·cée -[fee-ahn-sey, fee-ahn-sey]

They are both French loanwords. The "e" has an acute

 accent on it in both. In French, adding an "e" changes the

gender of the word, but in this case does not affect the 

pronunciation.

Thus, both are pronounced same: 

Fiancé and Fiancée are often confused by many and there are some who use these words almost interchangeably. 

These are actually French nouns that refer to a person getting married. In French language, nouns are males and females, and thus fiancé and fiancée are male and female nouns used to refer to a person about to be married. There is quite a bit of difference between them as fiancé refers to a male who has been engaged and about to get married while fiancée refers to a woman engaged to a man waiting for her marriage.

LISTEN and TO HEAR

Do you know the difference between the verbs TO LISTEN and TO HEAR? TO LISTEN is active. TO HEAR is passive.

Sometimes you can LISTEN too hard. Sometimes you can TRY
too hard. Sometimes it is better only to HEAR. Let the
radio play. Let the cassette play. But DON'T listen.
Just HEAR. Your subconscious will listen for you. And
you will still learn. If you listen and try to
understand, you may block on one word and get
frustrated. Don't worry! Just HEAR! Believe me, you will
still be learning. The important thing is to let the
radio or cassette or television or record PLAY. Let it
play. And you - you do nothing. Your brain will HEAR,
your subconscious will LISTEN and you will LEARN!

Have a great time.

Conversational phrases

babbling gossip

bacchanalian desires

bachelor freedom

bad omen

baffled sagacity [sagacity = farsighted; wise]

balanced capacity

baldly described

baleful glances

balmy fragrance

bandying talk

baneful impression

banished silence

barbarous statecraft

barefaced appeal

barest commonplaces

barren opportunities

base intrigues

baseless assumptions

bashful modesty

basic principles

battered witticism

beaming countenance

bearish rudeness

beatific vision

beautiful modesty

beckoning horizon

becoming diffidence

bedraggled wretch

befitting honor

beggarly flimsiness

beguiling voice

belated acknowledgment

belittling fears

bellicose humanity

beneficent career

benevolent regard

benighted sense

benignant pity [benignant = favorable; beneficial; kind]

beseeching gesture

besetting heresy

besotted fanaticism

bestial ferocity

bewildering maze

bewitching airs

beyond peradventure [peradventure = perhaps]

bibulous diversions [bibulous = consumes alcoholic drink]

bigoted contempt

binding obligation

bitter recrimination

bizarre apparel

blackening west

blameless indolence

blanched desolation

bland confidence

blank misgivings

blasphemous hypocrisy

blatant discourse

blazing audacity

blazoned shield

bleak loneliness

blended impression

blessed condolence

blighted happiness

blind partizan

blissful consciousness

blistering satire

blithe disregard

bloated equivalent

bloodless creature

bloodthirsty malice

blundering discourtesy

blunt rusticity [rusticity = rustic; awkward or tactless]

blurred vision

blustering assertion

boastful positiveness

bodily activity

boisterous edification

bold generalization

bombastic prating [prating = idle talk]

bookish precision

boon companion

boorish abuse

bored demeanor

borrowed grace

bottomless abyss

boundless admiration

bountiful supply

boyish appreciation

braggart pretense

bravely vanquished

braying trumpet

brazen importunity [importunity = insistent request]

breathless eagerness

brief tenure

briefless barrister

bright interlude

brilliant embodiment

brisk energy

bristling temper

brittle sarcasm

broadening fame

broken murmurs

brooding peace

brutal composure

bubbling frivolities

bucolic cudgeling [bucolic = about shepherds or flocks; pastoral] [cudgeling = beat with a short heavy stick]

budding joy

bulky figure

buoyant pluck

burdensome business

burly strength

burning zeal

bursting laugh

busily engrossed

business acumen

bygone period

abandoned hope

abated pride

abbreviated visit

abhorred thraldom [thraldom = enslaved or in bondage]

abiding romance

abject submission

abjured ambition

able strategist

abnormal talents

abominably perverse

abounding happiness

abridged statement

abrogated law

abrupt transition

absolutely irrevocable

absorbed reverie

abstemious diet [abstemious = eating and drinking in moderation]

abstract character

abstruse reasoning

absurdly dangerous

abundant opportunity

abusive epithet

abysmally apologetic

academic rigor

accelerated progress

accentuated playfulness

accepted littleness

accessible pleasures

accessory circumstances

accidental lapse

accommodating temper

accomplished ease

accredited agent

accumulated burden

accurate appraisement

accursed enemy

accusing glance

accustomed lucidity

aching desire

acknowledged authority

acoustical effects

acquired timidity

acrid controversy

acrimonious warfare

actively zealous

actualized ideals

acutely conscious

adamantine rigidity [adamantine = unyielding; inflexible]

adaptive wit

adduced facts [adduce = cite as an example]

adequate execution

adhesive quality

administered rebuke

admirable reserve

admissible evidence

admittedly inferior

admonitory gesture

adolescent youth

adorable vanity

adroit flatterer

adulated stranger

adventitious way [adventitious = not inherent; added extrinsically]

adventurous mind

adverse experience

affably accommodating

affected indifference

affectionate approval

affianced lady

affirmative attitude

affluent language

affrighted slave

aggravated faults

aggregate body

aggressive selfishness

agile mind

agitated imagination

agonizing appeal

agreeable frankness

aimless confusion

airy splendor

alarming rapidity

alert acceptance

algebraic brevity

alien splendor

alleged reluctance

allegorical vein

allied subjects

alliterative suggestion

all-pervading influence

alluring idleness

alternating opinion

altogether dissimilar

altruistic ideal

amatory effusions [amatory = expressive of sexual love]

amazing artifice

ambidextrous assistant

ambiguous grimace

ambitious project

ambling pedestrian

ambrosial essence [ambrosial = fragrant or delicious; worthy of the gods; divine.]

amiable solicitude

amicable arrangement

amorous youth

ample culture

amusing artlessness

analogous example

analytical survey

ancestral creed

ancient garb

angelic softness

angry protestations

anguished entreaty

angular features

animated eloquence

annoying complications

anomalous appearance

anonymous benefactor

answering response

antagonistic views

antecedent facts

anticipated attention

antiquated prudery

anxious misgiving

apathetic greeting

aphoristic wit [aphoristic = Tersely phrased statement]

apish agility

apocalyptic vision

apocryphal lodger [apocryphal = questionable authenticity]

apologetic explanation

apostrophic dignity

appalling difficulties

apparent significance

appealing picture

appointed function

apposite illustration

appreciable relief

appreciative fervor

apprehensive dread

apprentice touch

appropriate designation

approving smile

approximately correct

aptly suggested

arbitrarily imposed

arch conspirator

arched embrasure [embrasure = flared opening for a gun in a wall or parapet]

archeological pursuits

architectural grandeur

ardent protest

arduous quest

arid formula

aristocratic lineage

aromatic fragrance

arrant trifling

arrested development

arrogant imposition

artful adaptation

artificial suavity

artistic elegance

artless candor

ascending supremacy

ascetic devotion

ascribed productiveness

aspiring genius

assembled arguments

asserted activity

assiduously cultivated

assimilative power

assumed humiliation

assuredly enshrined

astonishing facility

astounding mistakes

astute observer

athletic prowess

atmospheric vagueness

atoning sacrifice

atrocious expression

atrophied view

attending circumstances

attentive deference

attenuated sound

attested loyalty

attractive exordium [exordium = introduction of a speech or treatise]

audacious mendicant [mendicant = depending on alms; beggar]

audible intimations

augmented force

august tribunal

auspicious moment

austere charm

authentic indications

authoritative critic

autobiographical pages

autocratic power

automatic termination

autumnal skies

auxiliary aids

available data

avaricious eyes

avenging fate

average excellence

averted calamity

avowed intention

awakened curiosity

awed devotion

awful dejection

awkward dilemma

axiomatic truth

azure sky